Cost analysis of flat-plate concentrators employing microscale photovoltaic cells for high energy per unit area applications

Microsystems Enabled Photovoltaics (MEPV) is a relatively new field that uses microsystems tools and manufacturing techniques familiar to the semiconductor industry to produce microscale photovoltaic cells. The miniaturization of these PV cells creates new possibilities in system designs that can be used to reduce costs, enhance functionality, improve reliability, or some combination of all three. In this article, we introduce analytical tools and techniques to estimate the costs associated with a hybrid concentrating photovoltaic system that uses multi-junction microscale photovoltaic cells and miniaturized concentrating optics for harnessing direct sunlight, and an active c-Si substrate for collecting diffuse sunlight. The overall model comprises components representing costs and profit margin associated with the PV cells, concentrating optics, balance of systems, installation, and operation. This article concludes with an analysis of the component costs with particular emphasis on the microscale PV cell costs and the associated tradeoffs between cost and performance for the hybrid CPV design.