TY - JOUR
T1 - Integrating Capacity and Efficiency for Optimal Hydrogen Storage Site Selection in Saline Aquifers
AU - Chen, Fangxuan
AU - Chen, Bailian
AU - Mao, Shaowen
AU - Malki, Mohamed
AU - Mehana, Mohamed
PY - 2024/3/7
Y1 - 2024/3/7
N2 - Hydrogen (H2) energy is a promising transition pathway from conventional fossil fuels to sustainable clean energy. However, H2 requires a large storage capacity because of its low volumetric energy-density nature. Underground H2 storage sites provide ample space for H2 storage. In this work, we proposed a general workflow to select saline aquifers’ optimal H2 storage sites, considering the capacity and operational efficiency. We developed a comprehensive data set of high-fidelity numerical simulations to quantify the effects of geologic and operating parameters on H2 storage performance. The simulation results are used to train a robust reduced-order model (ROM) to estimate H2 storage performance. Due to its high accuracy and flexibility, we selected the multilayer perceptron to develop our ROM. The mean squared errors of all ROMs are less than 0.0001, and the coefficients of determination (R2) were higher than 0.99. Integrating the performance estimations from the ROMs with volumetric calculations of H2 storage capacity, we quantitatively evaluated the H2 storage in saline aquifers using a designed objective function. We applied our workflow in the Intermountain-West (I-WEST) region, which is the central mountain area in the United States, including Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming. We identified the top three promising saline aquifers for H2 storage from 12 potential storage sites. Our workflow and ROMs are agnostic to the region and could be applied to other areas. Generally, this work supports safe and efficient H2 storage operations in saline aquifers in the I-WEST region.
AB - Hydrogen (H2) energy is a promising transition pathway from conventional fossil fuels to sustainable clean energy. However, H2 requires a large storage capacity because of its low volumetric energy-density nature. Underground H2 storage sites provide ample space for H2 storage. In this work, we proposed a general workflow to select saline aquifers’ optimal H2 storage sites, considering the capacity and operational efficiency. We developed a comprehensive data set of high-fidelity numerical simulations to quantify the effects of geologic and operating parameters on H2 storage performance. The simulation results are used to train a robust reduced-order model (ROM) to estimate H2 storage performance. Due to its high accuracy and flexibility, we selected the multilayer perceptron to develop our ROM. The mean squared errors of all ROMs are less than 0.0001, and the coefficients of determination (R2) were higher than 0.99. Integrating the performance estimations from the ROMs with volumetric calculations of H2 storage capacity, we quantitatively evaluated the H2 storage in saline aquifers using a designed objective function. We applied our workflow in the Intermountain-West (I-WEST) region, which is the central mountain area in the United States, including Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming. We identified the top three promising saline aquifers for H2 storage from 12 potential storage sites. Our workflow and ROMs are agnostic to the region and could be applied to other areas. Generally, this work supports safe and efficient H2 storage operations in saline aquifers in the I-WEST region.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85186102449&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c04852
DO - 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c04852
M3 - Article
SN - 0887-0624
VL - 38
SP - 4733
EP - 4742
JO - Energy and Fuels
JF - Energy and Fuels
IS - 5
ER -